Research Background


  • Doctoral Dissertation, 1981: A Study of Caring within an Institutional Culture 
  • Theory of Bureaucratic Caring, 1981, 1984, 1989, 2001, 2004, 2010a, b, c; 2011, 2013
  • Mutual Intentionality: A Theory of Support for Pregnant African American women, 1999
  • Technological Caring: A New Model in Critical Care, 1987.  Award for Excellence in Phenomenology
  • Caring Inquiry: The Esthetic Process in the Way of Compassion, 1991, 2012, 2013
  • Theory of Relational Caring Complexity with Dr. Marian Turkel 2013
  • Complex Caring Dynamics: A Unifying Model for Nursing Inquiry, 1994, 2010, 2011
  • The Ethical Theory of Existential Authenticity: The Lived Experience of the Art of Caring in Nursing Administration, 1997. 
  • Transcultural caring dynamics Model, 2010
  • TCC Assessment of Older Adults, 2000
  • Phenomenological Research Method, 1983-2013
  • Caring Inquiry, 1991, 2013